Author: canopytower

Helmeted Basilisk Corytophanes cristatus Photo by Jenn Sinasac The Helmeted Basilisk, also known as the Helmeted Iguana, Casque-headed Lizard and Old Man Lizard, is a small, arboreal lizard found throughout Central America. It has a distinct, specialized head “casque,” well-developed in both sexes, with helmet-shaped raised ridges forming a serrated crest along the back of the head and extending onto the neck and back. At an overall length of 36 cm, its laterally-compressed body is 8-12 cm, with a long tail 2 to 2½ times its body length. It has keeled scales over its entire body, and is typically olive to rich chocolate or reddish-brown in color, with some green. Black lines extend from the eyes to the light colored lip. It has very long toes. With a physical resemblance to African chameleons, it cannot be confused with anything else! Helmeted Basilisks are sit-and-wait predators; they remain motionless on small vertical trunks and branches with their head pointed upward, often for hours at a time, capturing prey infrequently. They allow for close approach, and are often catchable. They feed on slow-moving arthropods, particularly caterpillars and beetle larvae, and occasionally small anoles. They will also hunt on the forest floor. They capture prey infrequently. Helmeted Basilisks have some unique anti-predator behaviors. Their first line of defense is camouflage—they can resemble lichen with spots forming on their skin when resting, and can change color rapidly. They freeze their body, making themselves so rigid as to eliminate all minor movements, a behavior called “cataleptic freezing." If these passive measures fail, they compress their body, erects their crest, expand their gular pouch and bob their head. By doing this, they hope to increase their apparent body size and deter the predator. If all else fails, they will attack and bite ferociously. Breeding occurs throughout